pars67 manganese dioxide pars75 manganese dioxide pars40 manganese dioxide dmr85 manganese dioxide pars pro50 manganese dioxide Manganese dioxide is a brown-black inorganic compound with the chemical formula MnO2. This black-brown solid naturally originates from the mineral pyrolusite, which is the principal ore of manganese and a component of manganese nodules. The main use of MnO2 is for dry cell batteries such as alkaline batteries and zinc-carbon batteries. MnO2 is also used as a coloring agent and as a precursor to other manganese-containing compounds such as potassium permanganate. It acts as an activator in organic processes, for example for the oxidation of allylic alcohols. Natural manganese dioxide, which occurs in nature, contains a significant amount of manganese oxide and impurities. However, a limited amount of residue gives the γ modification of sufficient purity for batteries. The manufacture of batteries and ferrites contains very high purity manganese dioxide. Batteries require "electrolytic manganese dioxide" while ferrites require "chemical manganese dioxide". Manganese dioxide is used in chemistry, especially in redox (reduction-oxidation) reactions. For example: Heating a mixture of KOH and MnO: 2 MnO2 + 4 KOH + O2 → 2 K2MnO4 + 2 H2O Potassium manganate is also the precursor of potassium permanganate, a common oxidizer. It is also used in reduction-oxidation (redox) reactions in the chemical industry. It is also used in the production of electrolyte manganese. It is used in the manufacture and disinfection of porcelain. It helps as a drying agent in varnishes and colored materials in the paint industry.
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