Specularite is a brittle mineral with a strong metal luster in iron black color, leaving a red and red brown streak on porcelain. Its hardness is 6.5 and its density is between 5.2-5.3. HCl also dissolves slowly, does not melt in the torch, has obvious rhombohedral crystals and is called scaly iron mica. The main areas of use of iron oxide pigments are paint, plastic, ceramics and paper industry. It is especially important in the paint industry to produce different water-soluble colors. Natural iron oxide is used as a cheap pigment in the manufacture of various paints, inks, plastics, rubber, paper and building materials, mortar, bricks, tiles, animal feed, pharmaceuticals and cosmetics. It is the most important barrier pigment used in paints produced especially to protect structural steels from corrosion. It has a 100-year record in protecting many structural steels from corrosion and external effects. Since micaceous iron oxide pigments do not contain toxic substances, they are extremely suitable for non-toxic topcoats applied in places such as food processing plants, sugar factories, dairy facilities, beer and beverage production areas. A classic example of the use of this pigment is the Eiffel Tower. This steel structure has been protected with a micaceous iron oxide paint every 10-15 years since its construction in 1889. With the use of this pigment, superior protection of steel bridges, electrical transmission poles, fuel tanks, boreholes, steel hangars and similar surfaces is also described in the technical literatures. Due to its ability to absorb UV radiation, it protects polymers used as binders. It prevents the passage of oxygen and moisture. With this feature, it enables it to be applied as a heavy-duty paint for the protection of structural steels. It is successfully used in protective primers and topcoats produced with polymers such as alkyd, epoxy, vinyl, acrylic, polyurethane and chlorinated rubber. This pigment, which is like horizontal layers of plate type (micaceous) particles overlapping like scales on fish, gives paints a distinct strength. These gray pigment plates will largely reflect solar radiation (similar to metallic flake pigment) and the paint film containing this oxide pigment will maintain its reflective ability for many years (by protecting the binder from harmful sunlight). In addition, the plate or leafy structure of the micaceous iron oxide pigment will reduce the risk of corrosion by creating a physical barrier for moisture penetration.
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